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Death, Sex & Money

Are Airline Pilots Allowed to Be Depressed?

Death, Sex & Money

Slate Podcasts

Business, Health & Fitness, Society & Culture, Careers, Relationships, Sexuality

4.67.6K Ratings

🗓️ 22 April 2025

⏱️ 60 minutes

🧾️ Download transcript

Summary

To fly a plane, pilots must prove to the Federal Aviation Administration that they’re physically and mentally fit. But when it comes to mental health, the rules are complicated and, some say, outdated. Pilots who need antidepressants are limited to a short list of approved medications and must take a mandatory six-month leave. Even common diagnoses like anxiety or depression can trigger reviews that could ground them. The F.A.A.’s rules are born out of desire to keep the public safe, but in this episode we talk to pilots, aspiring pilots, and medical aviation professionals about their unintended consequence: incentivizing people to stay quiet about their mental health issues. Read: Why Airline Pilots Feel Pushed to Hide Their Mental Illness  Podcast production by Zoe Azulay. Death, Sex & Money is now produced by Slate! To support us and our colleagues, please sign up for our membership program, Slate Plus! Members get ad-free podcasts, bonus content on lots of Slate shows, and full access to all the articles on Slate.com. Sign up today at slate.com/dsmplus. And if you’re new to the show, welcome. We’re so glad you’re here. Find us and follow us on Instagram and you can find Anna’s newsletter at annasale.substack.com. Our new email address, where you can reach us with voice memos, pep talks, questions, critiques, is [email protected]. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

Transcript

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0:00.0

If you end up becoming a pilot for a major airline, it's probably a job you've wanted to do since you were pretty young. It requires more than 1,500 hours of flight time passing tests, and it's an investment. The training can cost more than $100,000. And once you have the job, it's a heavy load, both the responsibility you have at work and all the time on the road, which can cause stress at home.

0:26.6

But there are rigid rules for how you can take care of your mental health and deal with emotional stress when you're a pilot.

0:35.2

Want to take antidepressants? You're limited to a small list of approved

0:39.5

medications, and you're looking at long delays while the paperwork and your fitness to fly

0:45.3

gets reviewed by the Federal Aviation Administration. And if you're not on medication,

0:51.1

but diagnosed with an issue, say anxiety or depression, that opens up a pathway

0:56.3

to bureaucratic scrutiny, which can also result in having to take time off work.

1:02.1

I get why the system is cautious. When you're an airline pilot, you are responsible for the public's

1:08.3

safety. You might remember a horrific crash from 2015, a pilot who had

1:13.8

been treated for depression and was deemed fit to fly by the FAA, deliberately crashed a German

1:20.8

wing's passenger jet into the French Alps, killing everyone on board. That tragedy made the public hyper aware of the stakes involved. It's what

1:31.4

the industry points to as to why the rules need to be rigid. Then in 2023, there was another

1:37.6

disturbing story that hit the headlines. A pilot named Joseph Emerson experienced a psychotic break and actually tried to crash a passenger plane mid-flight.

1:49.0

He wasn't the pilot flying the plane, but he had been in the cockpit.

1:52.5

And thankfully no one was hurt.

1:54.3

But he later revealed his psychosis was likely triggered by mushrooms he'd taken days earlier.

2:00.4

He also admitted he'd been self-medicating his

2:02.9

depression with drugs and alcohol. He didn't want to go on an antidepressant like his wife had

2:07.9

urged him to because he was afraid to lose his job. Immerson's case sparked a renewed debate

2:15.1

around the standards for mental health in aviation. Were strict rules

2:20.4

keeping passengers safe or pushing pilots suffering with mental health issues further underground?

2:27.3

Within the past year, some changes have been made by the FAA. There are a few more psychiatric

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