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CrowdScience

Is anything truly random?

CrowdScience

BBC

Science, Technology

4.8985 Ratings

🗓️ 14 February 2025

⏱️ 27 minutes

🧾️ Download transcript

Summary

CrowdScience listener Dorit has a problem. She wants the tiles in her new bathroom to be arranged randomly but, no matter what she does, it still looks like they form some kind of pattern.

This has got Dorit thinking about randomness – what is it, how do you create it, why do we find it so hard to recognise, and is anything really random at all? And if nothing is truly random, does it mean that everything is theoretically predictable? Tiling your bathroom is a much more existential problem than you might have thought.

Never afraid of a question, whether big (is everything pre-determined?) or small (how do I tile my bathroom?), CrowdScience is on the case.

Anand Jagatia heads to Switzerland to meet Hugo Duminil-Copin, a mathematician at the University of Geneva who specialises in probability theory. On the top floor of an old bank, Hugo has Anand flipping an imaginary coin in a random order. Hugo explains that randomness is something that cannot be predicted by any means – so why is it so easy for Hugo to guess what Anand’s next move is?

Meanwhile, at the National Institutes of Mental Health in Maryland USA, Susan Wardle is a cognitive neuroscientist who researches how the human brain processes visual information. Can neuroscience help Dorit with her tiling problem, and is there a reason why the human brain likes to put random objects into some kind of order?

Geneva is also the birthplace of the first Quantum Random Number Generator for smartphones, and CrowdScience has persuaded some of the University of Geneva’s finest quantum physicists to hook a photon detector up to a synthesiser. Thanks to Tiff Brydges and Nicolas Brunner, we can actually hear quantum particles behaving randomly. But is quantum randomness truly random, or just a pattern that we can’t see? And could quantum physics help Dorit tile her bathroom?

Presenter: Anand Jagatia Producer: Ben Motley Editor: Cathy Edwards Production co-ordinator: Ishmael Soriano Technical producer: Jackie Margerum

Transcript

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0:00.0

Before you listen to this BBC podcast, I want to tell you why I love podcasting.

0:04.7

Hi, my name's Tommy Dixon, and I make podcasts for the BBC.

0:08.4

I'm a big fan of stories, always loved a good book.

0:11.4

But when I started commuting for my first job, I discovered podcasts.

0:15.4

I was blown away by how a creative idea and the right mixture of sounds could take you into

0:19.2

a whole new world full of incredible stories. You know, the type that make you go, wow. And that kind of inspired me to

0:25.2

give it a go myself, which to cut a long story short led to a BBC training scheme and a whole new

0:30.2

career giving other people that exact same feeling. So if you want to hear amazing stories that make

0:34.5

you go wow like I did, they're just a tap or click away on BBC

0:38.1

sounds. So these are our photon detectors and these are just counting how many photons they

0:45.2

see every second. You're listening to Crowd Science from the BBC World Service, the show that

0:50.1

asks some of the smartest scientists in the world to explain the nature of reality,

0:55.1

preferably using lasers.

0:57.2

And so when we turn the laser on, we'll start to see lots of counts now on the detectors

1:02.6

as they're starting to detect photons.

1:05.1

And if it makes cool noises, well, that's even better.

1:08.5

If the photon arrives at detector A, the computer will make a particular noise.

1:14.4

And if it arrives at detector B, it will make a different frequency tone.

1:17.9

So it will actually be able to hear this.

1:20.1

And so this is something that you guys have jimmied up so that you can demonstrate this for crowd signs?

1:24.7

Yeah, exactly. Yeah, yeah.

1:26.3

I'm Anna Jagatia, and for this episode, I've travelled to Geneva in Switzerland to meet

...

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