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In Our Time

The Social Contract

In Our Time

BBC

History

4.69.2K Ratings

🗓️ 7 February 2008

⏱️ 42 minutes

🧾️ Download transcript

Summary

Melvyn Bragg and guests discuss the Social Contract and ask a foundational question of political philosophy – by what authority does a government govern? “Man was born free and he is everywhere in chains”. So begins Jean Jacques Rousseau’s great work on the Social Contract. Rousseau was trying to understand why a man would give up his natural freedoms and bind himself to the rule of a prince or a government. But the idea of the social contract - that political authority is held through a contract with those to be ruled - began before Rousseau with the work of John Locke, Hugo Grotius and even Plato. We explore how an idea that burgeoned among the 17th century upheavals of the English civil war and then withered in the face of modern capitalist society still influences our attitude to government today. With Melissa Lane, Senior University Lecturer in History at Cambridge University; Susan James, Professor of Philosophy at Birkbeck College, University of London; Karen O’Brien, Professor of English Literature at the University of Warwick.

Transcript

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0:00.0

Just before this BBC podcast gets underway, here's something you may not know.

0:04.7

My name's Linda Davies and I Commission Podcasts for BBC Sounds.

0:08.5

As you'd expect, at the BBC we make podcasts of the very highest quality featuring the most knowledgeable experts and genuinely engaging voices.

0:18.0

What you may not know is that the BBC makes podcasts about all kinds of things like pop stars,

0:24.6

poltergeist, cricket, and conspiracy theories and that's just a few examples.

0:29.7

If you'd like to discover something a little bit unexpected, find your next podcast over at BBC Sounds.

0:36.0

Thanks for downloading the In Our Time Podcast.

0:39.0

For more details about In Our Time and for our terms of use, please go to BBC.co. UK forward slash radio for I hope you enjoy

0:46.5

the program. Hello man is born free and everywhere he is in chains one thinks himself a master of others and

0:55.0

still remains a greater slave than they. Thus dramatically begins Jean-Jacques

1:00.2

Rousseau's influential work of political philosophy, the social contract.

1:04.9

Russo was trying to understand why a man would give up his natural freedoms and bind himself

1:09.6

to the rule of a prince or a government.

1:11.7

It's among the oldest questions in political philosophy, but the argument

1:14.8

flourished particularly in the 17th and 18th century as France and Britain were racked by

1:19.1

civil strife and revolution. What another great social contract thinker Thomas Hobbs might call the War of All

1:25.2

Against All.

1:27.0

We'd me to discuss the social contract as Susan James, Professor of Philosophy at Birkbeck College

1:31.2

University of London, Karen O'Brien, Professor of English Literature at

1:35.0

the University of Warwick, and Melissa Lane, senior lecturer in history at Cambridge University.

1:40.0

Melissa Lane, at the heart at heart heart who is the social contract between?

1:45.0

What's distinctive in the social contract of the 17th century beginning with Grocious

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