The Age of Montu (First Intermediate Period Finale)

The History of Egypt Podcast

Dominic Perry

Society & Culture, History

4.8 • 2.1K Ratings

🗓️ 20 September 2024

⏱️ 130 minutes

🔗️ Recording | iTunes | RSS

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Summary

These violent delights have violent ends. Between 1992 BCE and 1941 BCE, King Montu-Hotep (“Montu is Content”) ruled the southern kingdom. And he led efforts to expand Theban power, and ultimately reunify the Two Lands… Logo image: Montu, in a chapel of Ramesses III at Karnak (Kairoinfo4u). Website: www.egyptianhistorypodcast.com. Support the show via Patreon www.patreon.com/egyptpodcast. Make a one-time donation via PayPal payments. Music and interludes by Keith Zizza www.keithzizza.net. Music and interludes by Luke Chaos www.chaosmusick.com. Montuhotep’s Expansion into Wawat / Nubia and the records of the wars: Darnell, ‘The Route of the Eleventh Dynasty Expansion into Nubia: An Interpretation Based on the Rock Inscriptions of Tjehemau at Abisko’, Zeitschrift für Ägyptische Sprache und Altertumskunde 131 (2004), 23—37. Available on Academia.edu. Darnell, ‘The Eleventh Dynasty Royal Inscription from Deir el-Ballas’, Revue d’Égyptologie 59 (2008), 81—110. Available on Academia.edu. Montuhotep’s Mahat Chapel at Abydos, discovered in 2014: Josef Wegner at Academia.edu and Damarany in Abydos: The Sacred Land (2019), JSTOR. Scholarly debates on the timeline and events of the Reunification: Brovarski, ‘The Hare and Oryx Nomes in the First Intermediate Period and Early Middle Kingdom’, in Egyptian Culture and Society: Studies in Honour of Naguib Kanawati, 1 (2010), 31—85. Available on Academia.edu. This was the study I followed in my reconstruction. Willems, ‘The Nomarchs of the Hare Nome and Early Middle Kingdom History’, Jaarbericht van het Vooraziatisch-Egyptisch Genootschap Ex Oriente Lux 28 (1985), 80—102. Available at Researchgate. Nubia – The Archaeology of Wawat and Kerma: Kerma – Mission archéologique suisse à Kerma (Soudan) C. Bonnet, ‘The Cities of Kerma and Pnubs-Dokki Gel’, in G. Emberling and B. B. Williams (eds), The Oxford Handbook of Ancient Nubia (Oxford, 2021), 201—212. H. Hafsaas, ‘The C-Group People in Lower Nubia: Cattle Pastoralists on the Frontier Between Egypt and Kush’, in B. B. Williams and G. Emberling (eds), The Oxford Handbook of Ancient Nubia (Oxford, 2020), 157—177. G. K. Meurer, ‘Nubians in Egypt from the Early Dynastic Period to the New Kingdom’, in B. B. Williams and G. Emberling (eds), The Oxford Handbook of Ancient Nubia (Oxford, 2020), 289—308. B. B. Williams, ‘Kush in the Wider World During the Kerma Period’, in G. Emberling and B. B. Williams (eds), The Oxford Handbook of Ancient Nubia (Oxford, 2021), 179--200. The Tomb of General Antef, with images of siege towers and naval forces: B. Jaroš-Deckert, Grabung im Asasif. 1963-1970. Band 5: das Grab des Jnj-jtj.f. Die Wandmalereien der 11. Dynastie, 12 (1984). Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

Transcript

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0:00.0	Howdy folks? Dominic here. A very brief note before we begin. As you can see this is a massive episode, a full movie length finale to the first intermediate period.
0:14.0	For those interested, there is an extended version of this episode available on my Patreon.
0:19.0	It's about 10 minutes longer and it goes into some extra details about particular rulers and records.
0:25.8	Also as with every new episode there is a PDF booklet that accompanies it and this is full of
0:32.1	historical notes photos and art from my personal archive and from my research.
0:38.0	If you like something to look at while you listen or simply want to read along that is available on my
0:44.2	Patreon link in the episode description. Now then on with the show
0:48.7	Welcome to the Age of Montu. The deceased has gone up to the sky as Montu. He has gone down as the bar bird that he has caught.
1:10.0	If Montu goes high, the deceased will go with him.
1:13.7	Should Montu run, he will run with him.
1:18.0	From the pyramid texts, utterances 457 and 528, recorded in the 6th Dynasty around 2,300 B.C. E. If there is one thing that people know about ancient Egypt, it is that many of the
1:38.8	gods and many hieroglyphs take the form of birds. Avian deities or humans with bird heads are as common as pyramids in the land of the Nile.
1:50.0	But amid your horuses, your ras, and your jahoots or thoths, there is another bird god who is often overlooked.
1:58.9	His name is Monteu.
2:02.0	Monteu, sometimes called Mentu or Monchu, comes from the south.
2:08.0	He usually appears as a falcon or a human with a falcon head. It is easy to confuse him with Ra or Horace.
2:17.0	The god's name is written with the hieroglyphs for M, N, Chia and W, and means something like Wanderer, Nomad or Bedouin.
2:27.6	The guard is often associated with the burning heat of the sun and also with warfare with aggression and dominance.
2:35.6	His iconography and religion develops greatly over time, but he is a fearsome being,
2:41.8	worthy of respect and excellent in war.
2:45.0	Montu does not have a ton of mythology behind him, but the God is old.
2:51.0	Early references to him can be found in the old kingdom, most notably the pyramid
	...

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